Six months ahead: define the purpose of the move (work, studies, family or business). The right legal route depends on that purpose, not the other way round.
Four months ahead: gather documents in your country of origin. Certificates, criminal records, apostilles and translations are the slowest part of the process.
Two months ahead: file the application or visa and arrange accommodation and health insurance.
On arrival: local registration, foreigner identity number, residence card and the relevant registrations. A clear calendar avoids overlaps and expiries.
The information on this page is indicative and updated in line with current regulations. Timing largely depends on the competent authority.